Kate Chopins Desirees Baby :: Desirees Baby by Kate Chopin

Desiree's Baby is a short story written by Kate Chopin. It is set in 19th century Louisiana. The story starts with Madame Valmonde going to visit Desiree and her baby. She thinks back on her memories of Desiree as a baby: "It made her laugh to think of Desiree with a baby. Why it seemed but yesterday that Desiree was little more than a baby herself." This quote tells us two things. The first is that Madame Valmonde must have known Desiree as a child and is either a close family friend of even a member of the family herself. The second thing is that Desiree is young. The word "baby" could either mean childlike or physically young. Desiree seemed to be a normal child and had had a normal childhood. The third paragraph tells us more about Desiree's background: "She had been purposely left by a band of passing Texans." This makes us think that she he had been abandoned at a very young age outside Madame Valmonde ´s home. We can also tell from paragraph five that "She was nameless." No one knew what her name was or what her family background was like. It was all a rumour. Eighteen years after this, Armand Aubigny fell in love with Desiree. From the fifth paragraph of the first page we can tell that Armand was very proud of his family name. "What did it matter about a name when he could give her one of the oldest and proudest in Louisiana?" This is a very old fashioned point of view. To Armand, his name was everything. There is a very strong social contrast between the nameless Desiree and Armand. Signs of racism become apparent in the book on page 67: "Young Aubigny ´s rule was a strict one, too, and under it his Negroes had forgotten how to be happy." Armand must have treated them very harshly and made them unhappy. His home is described as being sad looking and quite dreary. The second paragraph of page 67 gives the reader a description of the type of home Armand owns. There are muslins, a couch decorated with laces, there are also slaves. Madame Valmonde ´s first reaction to the baby was one of shock and astonishment: "This is not the baby!" Theoretically this isn't very significant because babies tend to grow very quickly and their outward appearance can change very fast. The eighth paragraph on this page gives us a hint at why Madame ValmondÃÆ' © was so startled when she first saw the baby. "Madame Valmonde had never removed her eyes from the child. She lifted it and walked with it over to the window

Hunters in the Snow Essay

Friendship. What does it mean? I believe that friendship means that you’re there for a person no matter what and if they are in need then you would do anything to help them out. Hunters in the Snow doesn’t exactly define friendship. If anything it defines betrayal. Throughout this short story some of the characters do actions to their â€Å"friend.† Betrayal and loyalty is kind of the theme throughout the story and it makes a person think about who their real friends are. In Hunters in the Snow, Kenny, Tub, and Frank are all supposed to be friends, but through a couple series of events make a person wonder what exactly friendship means to them. Each one of the characters has certain traits that can lead them to betray them. Towards the end of the story, the reader starts to feel sorry for Kenny after Tub and Frank leave him in the back of the pickup while they go eat pancakes, then Frank and Tub â€Å"accidentally† make a wrong turn so they couldn’t get Kenny to hospital in time after being shot. Lack of loyalty also leads to betrayal in this short story. In the beginning, Tub and Kenny were pretty good friends, but towards the end, Kenny is almost the outcast when Tub and Frank just leave him in the back of the truck wounded while they stop and eat. Betrayal and loyalty is a key characteristic that is portrayed in Hunters in the Snow. After reading this short story it really makes on person think about the characteristics they look for in their friends. Throughout this short story it was pretty obvious that all three of the main characters lack characteristics of being a good friend, but they are all very good at backstabbing their â€Å"friends†.

Digital Espionage

Attacks on sites had been a common occurence ever since the boom of the Internet market, and it is only usual for people to get into the business themselves either legally or ilegally. Since the occurence of these attacks anti-virus companies had been built, adding yet another business into the market. But the level of attacks had been vastly improving, and one example is what happened on Google, one of the world’s leading search engine. On January 12, 2010, Google announced on its blog that it had been attacked. It was said to have occured from mid last year and finished last December.Google stated that over 20 other companies including Adobe and Microsoft, had also been victims. On that same day, US Secretary Hilary Clinton publicly asked for an explanation from the Chinese government. Google became aware of the attack themselves, through their inside sources. According to Newsweek, at the time, they contacted Rafal Rohozinski, CEO of The SecDev Group (a global security and research firm) because the attack was very similar to GhostNet (a large scale cyber spying event last March 2009) and they wanted to know what they could share that might be helpful to their in-house investigation.The attack seems to be emanating from the jurisdiction of China. Google said that the hackers were interested in accessing the Gmail accounts of Chinese human rights activists. According to the Financial Times, a person named Ai Weiwei had his two accounts hacked, their contents read and copied. On the others, however, they were only able to view limited details such as the subject line and the creation date of the account. It was said that the attack started when an employee in China click on an infected linked, which was sent through an instant message.The attacker was able to access the person’s computer, and eventually Google’s headquarters in California. It also accessed Google’s Moma, an intenal directory that stores information on each of the em ployees work task. Carlos Carillo, principal consultant of Mandiant (security incident response and forensics firm) was also called in by Google. He said that it was â€Å"definitely one of the most sophisticated attacks I've seen in the last few years†¦ This wasn't something that a 16-year-old came up in his spare time.† He said that they’ve seen similar attacks like this on the government, but never on the commercial space. The level of the attack had certainly been done by a group of experts. Last January 14, 2010, McAfee reported that the attackers had exploited zero-day vulnerabilities and called the attack â€Å"Operation Aurora†. They exploited a hole in Microsoft’s Internet Explorer even if their DEP (Data Execution Prevention) was turned on. The vulnerability affects Internet Explorer versions 6, 7, and 8 on Windows 7, Vista, Windows XP, Server 2003, Server 2008 R2, as well as IE 6 Service Pack 1 on Windows 2000 Service Pack 4.It would be ve ry hard to exploit the flaw on Windows Vista or Windows 7, however, because of its advanced memory protection technology. Zero-day vulnerabilities are those flaws that are unknown to the developer. When the attacker discovers the vulnerability before the developer does, it can prove to be very dangerous. The attacker can either use the vulnerability to copy the information and make a similar program and then sell it to the market, or he can use the vulnerability to directly destroy the program of the developer.As with Google, analysts said that â€Å"China is likely using its maturing computer network exploitation capability to support intelligence collection against the U. S. government and industry by conducting a long term, sophisticated computer network exploitation campaign. † At least 10 to 20 terabytes of data had been taken from Google and other companies. Days after the attack, the exploit had been opened to the public, which are now dangerous to the internet communi ty. Paul Ducklin, Head of Technology (Asia Pacific) from Sophos Lab(developer and vendor of security software and hardware), explained how the exploit on Google was done.The Aurora explot relies on a used-after free bug. The exploit uses java script to control over the browser as it crashes. The exploit has all the usual javascript tricks: heap spray (technique used to facilitate arbitary code execution) and nop sleds (No Operation Execution, meaning to â€Å"slide† the instruction on its final destination) . At the end of the nop sled is the shellcode, (the actual malicious binary code that the hacker wants to execute) and a coming bid which uses javascript events that tricks the browser into misusing memory in the first place.He went to a test server wherein he edited the shellcode, that contains debug breakpoints and he added some human readable text â€Å"WARHEAD† so that if the computer crashed he can visually confirm that it was into the computer’s shellco de. He tried it in IE 6, wherein he put it in the debug controller and only attaching debug to it (the reason for doing so is of course because of the debug breakpoints, so if the exploit actually works, he can track back into the debugger). Then he clicked on Internet Explorer and visited the malicious site.The exploit actually relies on fetching image files. It worked when he tried to see the address on the debugger, â€Å"WARHEAD† came out. Usually, a good anti-virus program can protect internet users from these kind of exploits. In order to fix the IE flaw, Microsoft stepped out of its normal monthly patch cycle to release a patch. The users of IE are now required to run Windows update and click on MS10-002 update to fix it. Meanwhile, Google announced that it would stop censoring its search results in China.David Drimmond, Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and Chief Legal Officer of Google said â€Å"Users visiting Google. cn are now being redirected to Googl e. com. hk, where we are offering uncensored search in simplified Chinese, specifically designed for users in mainland China and delivered via our servers in Hong Kong. † Censorship in China had been a rule to maintain the country’s communism. Censhorship prevents unapproved reformist, separatist, â€Å"counter-revolutionary† ideas from organizing themselves and spreading.It also prevents Chinese citizens from discovering or learning more about past and current failures of the Communist Party that could create or inflame anti-government sentiment. They had also intended on blocking foreign government websites to prevent the people from learning alternative systems of governance . What Google did was a risky step because China may stop doing business with Google altogether. And China, is one of the most sought-after market in the world today.Analysts expects China's search market to reach 10 billion yuan ($1.46 billion) this year. However, in 5 to 10 years, what G oogle did may prove to be advantageous for them. Ben Sargent, an analyst with Common Sense Advisory, a market research company said that â€Å"As a culture, China is much more long-term thinking than most other cultures. No other government takes such long-term views as the Chinese government,† Sargent said. â€Å"So Google is trying to out-Chinese the Chinese in terms of making a really long-term play for young people's hearts and minds in China. â€Å"Google had always been concerned on its position in China, but the country is too big of a market to ignore. As what Rohozinski have said, â€Å"Engagement is better than exclusion. † You can do a lot more for the people if you work from the inside than just standing around and watching. Google went in with their eyes wide open. Sergey Brin(founder of Google), who had been from the Soviet Union understood China on its political views. The cyber spying just gave them the opportunity to make their stand and make the wor ld praise them for it.

Color theory

Two more females could also be seen walking away from the flower stall. All the characters in the artwork are seen wearing traditional Malay clothing. The older lady operating the flower stall has a lot of facial expression and she is currently packing a bouquet of flowers together. The younger lady operating the flower stall is sitting on her left with a rattan basket on her lap. There are some flowers in her rattan basket and she is packing them together. The lady customer with a young child is busy choosing the flowers she wants from the basket placed in front of her while the other lady customer is still deciding on what flowers she wants. ) Technical Innovations: This artwork consists of a lot of texture. The canvas itself has a rough surface and oil based paint will leave behind some medium after it was dried. By using oil on canvas, the artist is able to create an artwork which rich in actual texture after it was completed. The artist had also created value in this artwork. Th e characters and objects in the artwork shows value as each Of them have a combination of light and darkness tone on them. The artist had used a combination of different values of the same color when painting the characters and objects.The artist had used a lot of pigmentation in creating this artwork. As a result, this artwork is rich in color. The artist had also minimized the space in this artwork. There is very little distance between the characters and objects in the artwork but the artist had made the characters further away smaller to show that their position is further away. As a result, the artwork gives a very compact yet realistic feeling to its audience. E) Opinion about the artwork I) Subject matters: All the people in this artwork are seen wearing a type of traditional Malay clothing known as the ‘Baja Koruna.The background also features a lot Of Reese and a dirt track, indicating that there is a high chance that this scene IS located in the countryside rather th an in the more developed cities. In my opinion, the artist is trying to tell us that this is a scene from a Malay village located in the countryside. The main characters of this artwork are the old lady and young lady running their flower stall and the supporting characters would be the few customers at the stall. The background of the artwork is yellowish in color, indicating that the time could be in the evening.In my opinion, the two ladies had set up their stall under a big tree to seek shelter room the hot evening sun as it is uncomfortable and it will cause the flowers to wilt faster. The lives of the people living in this village are simple as they could work as selling flowers by the roadside to support themselves. They are not bound by the rules and regulations normally found in the busy city life as portrayed in the artwork above. There are no local law enforcers to chase them away despite they are trading without a proper premise or license.This scene would not appear in large cities as city councils requires the sellers to obtain an official permit to be displayed at their stall or the city council will end in their people to chase them away or confiscate their goods. The flowers are separated based on their colors and were placed inside baskets to be presented to the customers. The flowers are only available in yellow, orange, red and purple. In my opinion, the variety of flowers available are limited due to it is currently not blossom season. The old lady in the artwork shows a light smile on her face when she is serving her customers.This shows that the people in this village are very polite and friendly towards each other. The old lady is holding a bouquet of flowers on her hand which consists of the red and yellow flowers. It is likely that she is wrapping the flowers chosen by her customer which is the lady with the little girl. Judging by the age of the lady, the young girl is most likely to be her daughter. It is possible that the lady was bringing her daughter out for a walk when they came across this flower stall where they decided to have a look and purchase some fresh flowers to decorate their home.There is a younger lady sitting beside the old lady at the flower store. In my opinion, she may be the daughter or granddaughter of the old lady and she is helping the old lady to run the flower stall. She has a rattan basket on her lap with some lower in it. It is possible that she may be packing the flowers according to the customer's demands. There is also another lady customer in dark red Malay dress. She is looking at the three silver buckets with her hand holding her chin. She may be indecisive on which flower to buy. There are also two Malay women walking away from the flower store.It is possible that they had just bought the flowers from the stall and are walking back to their home. Ii) Values: This artwork consists of the social and economy value. The artist is trying to show his/her audience the social and eco nomic conditions in a rural Malay illegal. Social value could be seen from the individuals in the artwork. The two ladies running the flower stall are dressed neatly but their clothes are plain and lack decorations. This suggests that they are not very rich and have a lower status in the society. The other three customers are wearing the same type of clothes but their clothes are more stylish with added patterns.They are also not working but are shopping for goods. This suggests that they are richer than the ;vow ladies running the flower stall and it is possible that they may from the middle or upper class of the society. However, none of the harassers in the picture showed arrogant attitude towards each other despite being from different social classes. The economic factor could also be seen from the artwork. Selling flowers is one of their local job in order to earn income. The two ladies running the flower stall is trading with their customers. Judging by the simple conditions o f the flower stall, the prices of the flowers should not be too high.The flower stall has a lot of customers. This suggests that the local economy is doing well as people have extra income to be spent on decorative items. A) Artwork 2 b) I) Title of the artwork – Koala Kananga Street I) Name of the artist- Ye Amok Sin iii) Media – Water Color iv) Date of origin -? Nil This artwork is a scene of a street in town. There are double storey shop lots painted in white along the street. All of the shop lots have their own signboard. There are Chinese and English writings on the signboards. There is a bakery shop at the left side of the picture with a lot of pastry trays stacked up outside the shop.There are also some stalls outside the shop lots. Some of the stalls have huge umbrellas over them but some do not and here are people selling things in the stalls. There are also a few customers looking at he goods on sale at the stalls under the huge umbrellas. There is a Tristan paddled by a man in the middle of the road. A lady is also seen walking alone On the street while carrying some goods in a plastic bag on her hand. This artwork is a blend of a few art elements. One of the elements found inside this artwork is value. The scene in artwork is an opened area and the artist had used value to show the direction of the light.The light source in the picture is on the upper left side of the picture as it is brighter on that side. Shadows of the buildings and people are also pointing towards the opposite erection of the light source. The usage of value had also given the objects in the artwork a 3-dimensional form on a flat piece of paper. The artist had also used space to create an illusion that some objects and people in the artwork are further away. The bakery shop on the left is bigger in size than the row Of shop lots on the right. This gives the audience an illusion that the bakery shop is the nearer and the row of shop lots are further away.The artist had also used the line element in this artwork. The people in the artwork are formed from vertical lines which could be seen from their straight postures. The artwork captures the scene at a very peaceful street called the Koala Kananga Street. The artists main focus on this artwork is the lady walking on the road, the bakery shop and the man selling things in the stall beside the bakery shop. There are shop lots along the street painted in white color. These shop lots contains traditional design elements which is normally found on buildings from the pre-first world war era.In my opinion, these buildings are painted in white color as it is the current trend of the time. People back then may perceive that white buildings look clean and tiny which could help hem attract more customers. There are also a lot of stalls along the street, indicating that it could be in the morning. There is a lady walking alone on the street with a bag of goods on her hand. She is seen in more modern clot hing. In my opinion, it is most possibly that she is a housewife from the medium or upper social class who is out to buy some raw materials needed for preparing dinner.The facial expression of the lady could not be clearly seen as her face is pointing towards the floor. It is possible that her children had gone to school and her husband had gone to ark, leaving her alone when she goes on her daily routine of going out shopping for family supplies. This could be the reason why she looks lonely and bored as she walks down the street. There is also a bakery shop on the left side of the artwork. It is a bakery shop because the ‘Bakery' word is written on the red signboard hanging outside the shop. There is a lot of pastry trays stacked up neatly outside the shop.These pastry trays are used by the bakery to put their finished products and it is possible that they are stacked outside the shop awaiting collection by customers. Judging from the large number of pastry trays outside the shop, his bakery shop is very profitable and is able to sell a lot of their products daily. This bakery store may be very famous or it is possible that the bread and pastries made by this bakery are very delicious. There is a small stall with a man selling things in it beside the bakery. The stall is hid under the shadow of the bakery shop and away from the sunlight.It is possible that the man chooses to place his stall to avoid the hot sun as he does not have a huge umbrella over his stall like the other stalls across the street. The size of his stall is also small and there is a bucket on the store. It is Seibel that he is selling beverages and uses the bucket to contain the beverages he had prepared. He could be earning a lot of money from the sales of his beverages as the weather is hot and shoppers walking along the street would stop at his stall for a drink and rest to refresh themselves. One of the windows on the second floor of the shop lot located opposite the bakery is op ened.This indicates that it is vacancy on the second floor Of the shop lot. It is possible that the family of the shop owner is currently living there. Most of the families of shop owners during that time live on the second lour of their shop to save up from paying additional rent for a house. It is also more convenient for the shop owners as they could run their business on the ground floor while being at home to take care of their families. All the shops have very clear signboards outside each of them and the signboards consists of Chinese and English writing.It is possible that this is a Chinese based community under the British colony. There are no cars and there is only a Tristan in the middle of the road. The number of cars at that time is very less and the Tristan is the main form of transport. The weather is also very hot as the stalls by the road have big umbrella over them to help them avoid the heat from the sun. The artwork consists of social and economy value. The artis t is trying to show his/her audience the social and economic conditions of Chinese community living under the British colony. The social value could be seen from the people in the picture.The lady walking in the middle of the street is wearing modern clothes influenced by western culture as brought by the British. It is possible that she is from a wealthier family as only the wealthy people at the time embraced the western fashion. She also does not go to work but stayed as a housewife. The owner of the small beverage stall is seen wearing more traditional Chinese clothing. He may be from a poorer family compared to the lady walking on the street. The economy value could also be reflected from the artwork. The artwork consists of shops and stalls on the street preparing to conduct business with their customers.This shows that the economic is in good conditions as the businesses are still going on well. A) Artwork 3 b) I) Title of the artwork – Penance Hill ii) Name of the art ist – Hen Chin Chining iii) Media – Oil Pastel iv) Date of origin -2014 This artwork is about the Funicular Train which is located at Penance Hill, Penance. This artwork is designed to look like three stamps from different era consisting of three different designs of the Funicular Train which was updated over time. The three stamps made up a timeline starting from the bottom and each contains design characteristics of the time.The stamp at the bottom represents the Funicular Train in the year 1923. It contains the Funicular Train in its first design and the picture is painted in black and white. There are a lot of trees and bushes in the background. The word ‘1 c' is also seen on the top eight corner of the stamp and the year 1 923 was stated at the bottom of the stamp. The stamp in the middle consists of Funicular Train in its updated and more modern second design. There are less bushes and trees in the stamp in the middle compared to the stamp at the bottom.The Stamp in the middle is colored and the word ‘ICC' could be seen on the top right corner. The year 1977 was also stated on the bottom of the stamp. The stamp on the top features the Funicular Train in its latest design. There are even less trees and bushes in the background compared to the stamp in the middle and the clear blue sky are also clearly exposed. There is a ‘RMI' word on the top right corner of the stamp and it is recorded as the year 201 1 on the bottom part of the stamp. The artist had used different techniques when creating the three stamps in the artwork to give them a distinguished look from each other.The stamp at the bottom is created using the shading technique to replicate the black and white photos commonly found during the year 1923. Value is also shown in the stamp at the bottom as the artist had used different tone of shading when creating it. The stamp in the middle is created entirely from oil pastels and features the less advance drawing techni ques from the year 1977. The stamp also consists of the color value as it contains high color intensity. The stamp on the top is created from a blend of oil pastels and poster color.Oil pastels are used to paint the picture while the sky is finished in poster color to give the clouds a softer feeling. Value and space is utilizes by the artist to give the top stamp a look which resembles a modern photograph from 2011. This artwork is a combination of three smaller artworks in the shape of stamps. The stamps contain of images of different versions of the Funicular Train found at Penance Hill. The images are arranged from the bottom to the pop and the time of each image was included in the image itself by the artist to create timeline of the evolution of the Funicular Train at Penance Hill and the changes to Penance Hill.The images also contain of the characteristics of pictures found on stamps from their era. The stamp at the bottom consists of an image of the first generation Funicul ar Train at Penance Hill. The entire image is black and white in color and resembles the photos found on the stamps from that era because the artist is trying to replicate a stamp from that era. It was also stated as the year 1923 on the bottom part of the image. This is a message from the artist that the first generation of the Funicular Train entered into service at that year.The train is small in size and the design of the train is simple. The size of the train is small as there is no modern technology to design a train which is capable of carrying a heavier load. There are also less people visiting Penance Hill during that time. Therefore, there is no need for a bigger train as it will incur a higher cost to build it. The Funicular Train also has no windows and the train conductor's seat does not even have a door. This reflects that people of the time values function over form and comfort. There are a lot of trees and bushes in the background.The artist is trying to tell the aud ience that the Penance Hill is undeveloped during that time. ‘1 c' is also written on the top right corner of the stamp and it represents the value of the stamp. The artist is trying to tell the audience about the economic conditions during that time and 15 cents is all that was required to send a letter. The stamp in the middle consists of an image of the second generation of the Funicular Train at Penance Hill. This image is colored and the drawing style highly resembles drawings found on stamps from that era.The year 977 was stated on the bottom of the image which is the year that the second generation of the Funicular Train entered into service at Penance Hill. The design of this train is more modern and has windows. This shows that the people at the time had started to value comfort and safety. The train is also larger in size and there are less trees and bushes in the background. The artist is trying to tell the audience that the Penance Hill is more developed at that ti me and there are more visitors. Therefore, the train is larger in size to cope with the increased number Of visitors. ‘ICC' is written on the top right ornery of the stamp.This shows that the local economy had bloomed and more money is required to send a letter compared to year 1923. The top stamp represents the latest and current look of the Funicular Train at Penance Hill. This image is more realistic and the drawing style resembles a stamp from the 21st century. The stamp is marked as year 2011 which is also the year the third generation Funicular Train was brought into service. This Funicular Train consists of a high tech-modern design and is larger in size. This shows that people from the 21 SST century seeks not only safety and inform but also speed in their travels.This image features even less bushes and trees than the image in the middle and the sky could be clearly seen. The artist is trying to convey a message saying that even more development had occurred and the t rees are depleting at Penance Hill. ‘RMI' is written on the top right side of the stamp. This shows that the local economy had experienced a huge increase as even more money is required to send a letter. By comparing the three pictures from different era side by side, the artist could show the development of the local economy and the development of Penance Hill.

Fifth Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fifth Business - Essay Example The snowball that hit Mary Dempster caused the premature birth of Paul and the insanity of Mary. This episode in his childhood had brought Dunstan an unending guilt that had enveloped him all through his life. There were several people whom Dunstan had met that helps him understand his roles as well as let himself loose of the burden of guilt he had felt since that eventful day with Staunton and Mary Dempster. Myth finds a place in the heart of Dunstan and teaches him to grow. Magic is the escape of yore that Dunstan seeks and successfully rediscovers. Religion, myth, and magic are intertwined in Dunstan Ramsay's life, crucial for the completion of Ramsay as a person through the wonder they inspire. (http://www.geocities.com/echomyst/literature/fifth_business.html, para 1) Being a saint and being a mad person depend entirely on how people thought of one's personality. The religious practices and influences of one person according to his or her beliefs affect how people would see one's perception towards him or her. Dunstan Ramsay's taking full responsibility of Mary Dempster had taught him the saintly versions of life. She had shown him several miracles that had brought him closer to her that he regarded Mary as more than his friend, but a spiritual guide - a fool-saint who has nurtured his soul. His feelings towards him were even more than the maternal love he had felt towards his own mother. The miracles that Mary had shown her were those when she brought his brother back to life, that she appeared to him in his own war (World War I) related illness, and that she converts a dirty tramp into a minister - Surgeoner, whose life Mary changed forever and now heads the Lifeline Mission. (http://www.geocities.com/fossilfreak/books/fifth.html, para 3 & 15) However, Dunstan attitudes towards Mary were contrasted by the society such that they regard her as a "mad" woman that even her husband sees her a his "heavy cross." He had a totally different view of Mary's personality even though his innocence ked him to see her sexuality as "madness," he was still able to accept her as a "wise woman" and as a "saint." ("Dialectic") This situation in the novel only shows that a saintly representation of someone else to another person may sometimes be a madness to other people as dictated by his or her religious beliefs and the people he or she is associated with. Furthermore, these representations or views towards other people changes as one encounters other situations that might lead him to discovering new worlds of manly desires and characters. Conclusion There is therefore a thin line separating personal mythologies such as being a saint and being a mad person as perceived by other people. These perceptions are based on how one's personality is able to influence the life of another in a way that would relieve the burdens that a person carries in his life and grow maturely as a person. (http://www.geocities.com/fossilfreak/books/fifth.html, para 23) Works Cited: Dialectic, Morality and Deptford Trilogy. http://www.lib.unb.ca/Texts/SCL/bin/get.cgidirectory=vol12_1/&filename= LoVerso.htm. December 12, 2006. _______. http://www.geocities.com/echomyst/literature/fifth_business.html. December 12, 2006. Fifth Business Introduction The various religions present in the society encompass various beliefs as well. But

How might Archbishop Romero analyze (comment on) the following passage Essay

How might Archbishop Romero analyze (comment on) the following passage from Gaudium et Spes - Essay Example In his view the Church was not the name of the buildings or of the hierarchical structure of clergymen but was the name of the collective of Catholic people, most of who were poor and oppressed (Brockman). The ‘Gaudium et Spes’ (Joy and Hope) apostolic constitution adopted at the Second Vatican Council in 1965 proclaims a similar view of the Church. In this document, the laity are urged to learn what their faith demands from them in the course of their secular duties. They are told that the role of the clergy in this respect is that of a teacher. The clergy will advise them on what God may want them to do, however they should cultivate their own conscience and religious sensibility and not expect explicit guidance from the clergy on every issue (Second Vatican Council). This passage has many parallels with the work of Archbishop Romero. The ‘Gaudium et Spes’ calls for a sort of spiritual and intellectual emancipation of the laity who are to educate themselves in their religion with the help of the clergy and in many matters where the explicit guidance of the Church is not available, they are to use the wisdom of the clergy to determine for themselves what God wants from them. In this view of the Catholic clergy, the clergymen are not the autocratic leaders of the laity but their guides and spiritual advisors. Archbishop Romero too held that the Catholic clergy should not be the leaders or rulers of the people but their advisors and guides. He called for a physical emancipation of the laity from the forces of exploitation and oppression in addition to their spiritual and intellectual liberation. Another aspect of congruence between the teachings and actions of Archbishop Romero and that of the ‘Gaudium et Spes’ is in proclaiming the role of the Catholic Christianity in the secular sphere of existence for a Catholic lay person.

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Report - Essay Example Sub-normal rainfall, with less than 100mm of rain per year can occur every 3-4 years. The region is characterised by one wet season, between April-August, followed by a prolonged dry season. Average rainfall varies from 600mm in lowland areas to 1500mm in the highlands. Temperatures range from 16Â °-30Â °c (BDVS, 2005). 1.4 Population The mean density of people is 33.1 per km? (BDVS, 2005). However, this figure varies, and most settlements and populations are found near water resources. 62% of the population don’t have enough food to maintain a healthy living. 1.5 Land use 20,000 Ha of land is used for cultivation of food and cash crops. However, despite the large size of farmed land, the water supply from rivers and lakes is inadequate to meet domestic, livestock and irrigation needs. 2 Water Provision and Scarcity The WWF (World Wide Fund) states that ‘freshwater is essential to human health, agriculture, industry and natural ecosystems, but is now running scarce in many regions of the world. Figure 2 highlights reasons for current water shortages. Figure 2 – Reasons For Water Shortages Adapted from Sub-sea Infrastructure Report (2006) According to Lomborg (2001), the world’s water consumption has almost quadrupled since 1940. Many experts and environmental agencies including the UN Environmental Report GEO 2000 claim that the water shortage constitutes a ‘full scale emergency’, where ‘the world water cycle seems unlikely to be able to cope with increased demands over the coming decades’. 3 The World’s Arid Regions Arid and semi-arid regions cover 30% of the total area (see Figure 3) of the world’s land surface (Balon and Dehnad, 2010) and over 40% of the world’s population live in these areas. Source: http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/y1899e/y1899e50.gif 4 Methods of Water Provision Mismanagement of existing boreholes, irrigation furrows and dams have lead to lengthy periods of disrepair , siltation and dereliction of Baringo’s water supplies. Facilities are also often polluted by human and animal waste. For a district that is water-deficient, most of the rainwater that does fall goes to waste due to a lack of appropriate harvesting technologies, especially at household level according to the Baringo District Vision and Strategy: 2005-2015. I aim to highlight how mitigation strategies and water supply management can improve the effectiveness of water resources and provide long-term sustainable solutions. 4.1 Surface Water Capture and Storage ‘There is a need to improve the efficiency of distribution and use of water’ (Gange, 1965). Kenya’s current National Development Plan emphasises the promotion and utilization of rainwater for sustainable development. Non-profit organisations such as Kenya Rainwater Association (KRA) aim to unite communities and bring individuals, institutions, landowners and organisations together to enhance rainwater harvest and utilization techniques. They are currently investing in methods for reducing losses such as evaporation from large storages, seepage from supply channels and other wastage that occurs within the distribution system. They’ve also built roof water tanks for schools that collects and provides safe drinking water. 4.2 Irrigation Agriculture Use of water from the Chemeron Reservoir is a critical issue in Baringo. Current methods of informal basin and channel irrigation involve little monitoring of water application. Modern irrigation